2012 A BUMPER YEAR FOR DOOH, AND A LOOK AHEAD TO 2013

Many significant international events converged to make it a great year - kicking off with Euro 2012 then the Queen’s birthday, quickly followed by that small matter of the Olympics. With all eyes turned towards London and the UK this summer, Out of Home media has been a hot bed of creativity as big name advertisers vied for attention amongst the burgeoning crowds in and around the capital.

In the last 12 months we have also seen digital OOH media hit a critical mass made up of quality networks, dedicated media owner facilitation and improved ad serving platforms such as OpenLoop.

All this has helped to fulfil the ideas, appetites and ambition to green light campaigns. The summer saw advertisers such as Nike, BP, Heineken and The Times tap into the national spirit and festival atmosphere by delivering dynamic, real-time, relevant content.

Q3 spending reflects these developments with outdoor revenue up by 25% year-on-year and digital outdoor even higher up by a massive 70%. Digital outdoor accounted for 19.3 per cent of all outdoor spend during the quarter - digital's biggest-ever proportional contribution.

And from a Grand Visual perspective it’s certainly been a standout year. Here’s just a few of the best bits…

Technology highlights:

  • We launched OpenLoop externally - our digital OOH campaign management dashboard that facilitates dynamic, real-time content across multiple networks and markets.
  • Agent - Grand Visual’s game changing mobile interaction system for DOOH was unveiled in a campaign for NCDV - where your phone becomes the remote control.

Creative highlights:

  • Playing our part in the biggest digital billboard campaign in British history for Missing People - powered by OpenLoop
  • Phillip Schofield talking about our OpenLoop technology on ITV’s This Morning show!
  • Developing the first ever live donation billboard for the MicroLoan Foundation
  • Launching the UK’s first SMS-driven interactive billboard for Amex
  • Creating the UK’s first mobile controlled digital billboard for NCDV powered by Agent
  • Launching the UK’s biggest ever interactive digital OOH campaign for Microsoft powered by OpenLoop
  • Collecting our biggest ever awards haul! Along with our agency partners we picked up: 1 x Gold Lion, 1 x Bronze Lion, 2 x Bronze LIA, 4 x Gold Kinsale Sharks, 1 x Bronze Kinsale Shark, 1 x Epica Grand Prix, 1 x Epica Silver to mention a few!



What’s ahead for 2013?

This year, from a digital inventory perspective, the UK will see some major investment in the quality, scale and sheer impact of digitally enabled environments that offer multi faceted interaction.

As the quality of the media continues to evolve we will see is the continued convergence of ambition, budget, facilitation, and creative thinking, and clearer ties between the integration of real world activity with social media support.

Now that digital outdoor networks are fully responsive the ability to interact on a more intimate level will continue to be an important growth area. There are a whole host of new and emerging technologies to pick from and we have been playing with gesture, gender, image recognition, colour picking, AR, mobile and more and we are excited about applying this knowledge to entertaining and innovative campaigns over the next 12 months.

NFC: What does it mean for digital out-of-home?

  1. What is NFC?
  2. Contact-less payments
  3. NFC-enabled posters
  4. NFC vs QR codes
  5. Internet connectivity
  6. The two-way advantage
  7. A need for incentives
  8. Critical mass
  9. Retail potential
  10. A symbiotic relationship

In the past year or so there has been much talk in marketing and advertising circles about Near Field Communications (NFC). Some have claimed NFC will usher in a new era of interaction and engagement. Others have been more circumspect, suggesting that NFC offers little more from an advertising perspective than existing technologies such as QR codes, SMS, or short codes.

The out-of-home sector has been quick to seize upon NFC as the key to getting consumers to directly interact with posters and transform the OOH print medium from one that is passively absorbed to one in which the audience is actively engaged. But what does NFC offer for digital out-of-home?

What is NFC?

Firstly,
nfc-poster
for those of you who have been living under a rock for the last couple of years, here’s a brief explanation of what NFC is. Back in 2004, Sony, Nokia and Philips established the Near Field Communication Forum for the purposes of enabling “the use of touch-based interactions in consumer electronics, mobile devices, PCs, smart objects and for payment purposes”. As of March 2011 (when Google joined as a Principal member) the organisation had 135 members and had established a set of standards for smartphones and other electronic devices to establish radio communication with each other through contact or by bringing them into close proximity. In short, NFC allows mobiles to transmit and receive data to and from other nearby NFC enabled devices, or unpowered chips known as “tags”.






Contact-less payments

Up
nfc-1
to now, much of the innovation has focused on NFC's ability to facilitate contact-less payments. Google Wallet, which launched last year, enables owners of Android phones to use their mobile as a virtual wallet, storing credit card details, vouchers, discounts and other offers in the application. In the UK, mobile phone operator Orange has recently partnered with the EAT chain to create Quick Tap Treats which gives Orange customers with NFC enabled phones the opportunity to tap their phones to NFC tagged posters and receive daily rewards, such as a free coffee or pastry.

Last week Olympic sponsor Visa demonstrated a mobile payment application, produced in partnership with Samsung, that will enable payments to be made at any of the 3000 contact-less payment terminals to be installed around Olympic venues this summer. Such significant levels of investment in NFC as a method for transactions means it will inevitably gain ground and likely prove popular — in Japan and Korea where handsets have come equipped with wireless payment chips for some years, contact-less payments are already commonplace.

NFC-enabled posters

In
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the area of out-of-home advertising companies such as Posterscope have been enthusiastically demonstrating the possibilities for NFC. Using tags embedded in posters or small NFC terminals attached to poster sites, an owner of a NFC-enabled handset would be able to tap their phone against the poster and trigger an action — view a movie trailer, purchase and download a song or e-book, receive a coupon or special offer, buy tickets to events, or “like” a brand on Facebook, for example. However, whilst such developments do offer scope for greater interaction with static posters, questions remain about what NFC offers advertisers and consumers that cannot be achieved via other means already widely available.









NFC vs QR codes

For
qr-code-santander
some time now, QR codes have been used on posters to trigger many of the same interactions demonstrated with NFC. A QR code can also take a user to a website to view a video, purchase tickets or e-books, “like” a Facebook page or receive a coupon. NFC proponents would argue that with QR codes consumers need to have a reader app installed to process the code, whereas NFC-enabled devices can respond automatically, requiring little effort on the user’s part.

However, manufacturers such as Blackberry produce handsets with QR readers pre-installed, other reader apps are freely and easily available, and opening the app on a phone before scanning the code is not particularly taxing. It can also be argued that QR codes frequently require users accessing a website for many activities, but judging from the test campaigns produced so far, the same can also be said for many NFC triggered actions.

Internet connectivity

With
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regard to digital out-of-home, the issue of Internet connectivity poses a big challenge for both NFC and QR codes alike. Here at Grand Visual we have been exploring ways for consumers to engage with digital posters using their mobiles for some time, and whilst the issue of Internet access is not such a problem in an outdoor or mall setting, it does pose challenges in settings like the London Underground. If either a QR or NFC campaign relies on opening a website on a user’s phone, it’s likely to be a bust on the Tube.

In such situations, NFC may eventually have the edge, as a site fitted with a small NFC terminal (rather than a tag) offers the ability to receive information from a handset and then transmit the data elsewhere via an Internet connection. However, many of the existing digital screen networks still rely on 3G connectivity with all the attendant challenges of file sizes, speed, and reliability that brings. With WiFi likely to come to the Tube in the not too distant future, Internet connectivity will be less of an issue, but that development will be to the advantage of QR codes and RFID as well as NFC.

There is also an issue of cost. The cost of adding a QR code to creative is negligible, and RFID chips are now available for mere pence per unit. A NFC campaign will, at least for the immediate future, cost brands and media owners significantly more to implement at scale.

The two-way advantage

The
nfc-posterscope-1
real advantage of NFC over technologies like QR codes or RFID would appear to be the two-way aspect of the communication. Even if Internet connectivity is likely to be an issue, using a NFC terminal that extracts data from a handset instead of transmitting to it, opens up opportunities: a NFC-enabled phone could be used to trigger DOOH creative that is personalised for the consumer, for example. Data could also be deposited on the phone for use later when the user is able to access the Internet, or for them to share it with other NFC handset users.

QR codes can contain small amounts of information, but data size is limited, and frequently the more data that is encoded the greater the chance of errors when the code is scanned. NFC is capable of communicating larger amounts of data, and is also less susceptible to other problems affecting QR code scanning such as poor readability in low light.

A need for incentives

On the Threshold of Change” Kinetic’s 2011 report on the future of out-of-home media in the UK indicated that a key factor in consumer willingness to interact with digital posters would be the speed at which that interaction can take place. In this regard, the ease of swiping a NFC-enabled phone gives the technology the edge over existing methods. However, as Richard Metcalf, Business Development Director of mobile marketing agency Joule points out, ease of use alone will not be enough to induce consumers to interact: “There needs to be an incentive, the content needs to be engaging enough to warrant that action by the consumer.”

Critical mass

But
nfc-posterscope-3
by far the biggest hurdle facing NFC and its role in DOOH is that of ubiquity. For the technology to have a significant impact it will need to reach a level of mass adoption. As Richard Metcalf points out, “key factors are NFC enabled handset penetration and consumer awareness”. Juniper Research, in its NFC Retail Marketing & Mobile Payments Report, forecast that by 2014 one in five smartphones worldwide will be NFC-enabled, but half of those are anticipated to be in the US. Consequently, it is likely to be some time before significant numbers of UK consumers have got into the habit of using their phone to pay for products and services, or interact with adverts.

Until we see sufficient levels of market penetration we expect to see few large-scale deployments of NFC-based campaigns. Richard Metcalf suggests NFC may not go mainstream until 2015 or 2016, but adds that a significant catalyst, like the Visa/Samsung, and proposed O2 and Everything Everywhere NFC activity around the Olympics, could accelerate take up.

Retail potential

In
ghost-poster-qr-code-by-nick_jones
spite of the gradual pace of adoption and potential challenges, NFC is a promising technology with regard to digital out-of-home’s future landscape. The Kinetic report pointed to a future where interaction, integration with social media, and location based advertising and promotions are going to be of increasing importance in OOH. Kinetic’s research revealed that around half of consumers would consider downloading ‘money off’ vouchers for retailers from digital sites to their mobile phone, and Juniper research pointed to the retail aspect as having potentially greater revenue potential than payment processes. As Richard Metcalf states, the real value to the end user comes when there is a transactional element to it: “Anything where you’ve got a voucher, tickets, an actual payment or ordering mechanism. I think that’s the most attractive aspect of it.”


A symbiotic relationship

And
nfc-posterscope-2
it’s not simply a case of QR vs NFC. Whilst the two technologies have distinct advantages and weaknesses in comparison to each other, there is an argument that their differences will ultimately make them complementary technologies. Matthias Galica, Founder and CEO of ShareSquare, believes that ultimately QR codes will achieve a place in marketing, whereas NFC will fundamentally become the best way to do mobile transactions. He suggests a future where a consumer may scan a QR code to access a game in which they win a free Coke, with the coupon downloaded to their phone, and then swipe a NFC-enabled vending machine to redeem it.

Given the seemingly inevitable growth of personalisation, social media integration and transactional marketing within digital out-of-home, provided some of the challenges can be overcome, NFC appears well-placed to become a frequent component of DOOH campaigns within the next few years.

TRENDS IN DOOH AND SOCIAL MEDIA INTEGRATION

It’s early days in the challenge to understand how digital out of home and social media integrate, amplify each other and deliver effective comms. Both channels are relative newcomers but do already show signs of developing a potentially supportive relationship. Social media is a channel for constantly refreshed comment, content and activity usually conducted on a personal level. Digital out of home is a connected medium capable of delivering dynamic content and interactivity with huge scale in a very public manner.

social-networks-1
So how are they being used together?

So far we see two distinct trends: either the DOOH activity has been planned to amplify a primarily social media campaign, or social media has been the means of drawing attention to the digital out-of-home activity. With the former, content from social media channels is delivered dynamically to digital out-of-home media. In the latter, more often than not user generated content is produced through engagement with outdoor media, and then subsequently delivered to social media channels. The distinction in these approaches can be clearly seen in a number of the campaigns Grand Visual has produced recently as well as other notable campaigns we weren’t lucky enough to work on.

Wieden+Kennedy’s “We Want Piers” campaign for Visit Wales used digital out of home formats to display content pulled from the campaign's Facebook page, Twitter feed and YouTube channel. The purpose of the DOOH was to complement what was a social media campaign, as Piers Bramhall and his girlfriend Emma Foley went on their first “proper holiday” to Wales. According to W+K creative director Ray Shaughnessy, the digital OOH element was a great way of keeping people “in the loop of the adventure as it unfolded.” In a sense the digital OOH was a window onto the content in the social space – a taster.

visitwales_xtp_choirvidvisitwales_720x1280-2

By contrast, the recent Foster’s Gold Smart/Casual campaign from Adam & Eve, used interactive screens at bus shelters to offer an entertaining experience - inviting people to dress up in a “smart/casual” outfit selected from a digital wardrobe and then share the resulting images online with friends through the brand's Facebook page. The DOOH activity provided the primary channel for consumer interaction, there being no online equivalent, and the Facebook page was used to focus attention on the outdoor creative rather than the other way around. Although, the digital out-of-home complemented a wider media plan, the bus shelter interactive was the event.

Indy Saha, Being London’s former Chief Strategy Officer, points out that “if consumers’ habits around other media have become interactive, participative, in real-time, then why haven’t posters evolved in a similar way? Why don’t we turn the poster site into an actual event itself, rather than something you could walk by and easily miss?” That thinking lay behind the British Airways’ Caribbean Destination campaign, developed by Being in March this year. The BA campaign used social media to draw attention to a live, interactive event on Ocean Outdoor's Eat Street site at the Westfield shopping centre in West London. "One of the things that we didn’t want to do on Facebook, quite deliberately, was allow the same level of interactivity that you could have while you were there, because we wanted to create this sort of 'by appointment' event feel", explained Saha.

mini-countryman-2

A similar principle proved effective for the Hyperspace produced Mini Countryman campaign which took the old idea of "how many people can you fit into a Mini?", and gave it a decidedly modern twist. Using digital production techniques members of the public could be filmed at a live site, then be projected onto the inside of the windows of a specially constructed model of a Mini Countryman, creating the impression that many people were squeezed inside the vehicle. Users could contribute video and photographs of their participation to the brand’s Facebook page, raising further interest and driving traffic to the nine installations around the country. The campaign resulted in 12,000 people participating, hundreds of videos being shared on Facebook and through email, and hundreds of interactions being streamed to the Mini site. The campaign also won a Festival of Media award.


Whilst the majority of social media integrated campaigns have fallen into one of the two camps described above, occasionally campaigns have a foot in both. A good example of this is the Colgate “Keep Britain Smiling” campaign from July this year. Created by VML London, the campaign aimed to collect one million “smiles” throughout the summer. Colgate pledged to turn the collected smiles into a £100,000 donation to the Barnardo’s charity. People could upload photographs of themselves smiling to the campaign Facebook page as well as comments and “likes”. All input added credits to the “smile-o-meter”. Using Grand Visual’s OpenLoop platform, the posted photos were dynamically fed to digital OOH sites to provide a nationwide gallery reflecting and showcasing the online activity. In addition, the campaign also featured an experiential event at the Westfield shopping centre in which shoppers were encouraged to “share a smile for charity” by having their photograph taken, with the resulting images instantly screened on a large digital billboard and on the campaign’s Facebook page. The campaign was able to use the experiential event to raise the profile of the social media activity, and vice versa.

colgate-million-smiles_eatstreetcrowd-capture-their-moment-of-fame_redux


So it looks like these two channels may become powerful bedfellows particularly as mobile takes a leading role in facilitating social interactions. If there are any learnings thus far they are that for digital OOH to amplify social activity it is key that any infrastructure and bandwidth issues are tackled and that the rules of communicating to an out of home audience are upheld – keep it simple! For interactive activity in outdoor to work well and translate to social, it is important to deliver both an easily accessible experience and a simple process for generating and contributing content. As Indy Saha points out “You need to look at user experience. If you can make it seamless... That’s when I think it will start taking off.”

Interactive Outdoor : Challenges and Opportunities

One aspect of digital out-of-home that most excites brands and agencies is the capability to deliver dynamic or interactive campaigns. However, the medium is still in its infancy, with many still unaware of what is possible, and the challenges involved. Such campaigns are often seen as being time-consuming, complicated and costly — consequently, there can be a good deal of apprehension in commissioning or developing interactive DOOH campaigns.

Despite the apprehension around such activity, in recent months, here at Grand Visual we have noticed a rise in the number of interactive DOOH campaigns taking place and enquiries about producing such work. It therefore seems a good time to revisit a panel discussion on the topic of interactive digital out of home held during the FLEX: London DOOH conference back in May.

The panel consisted of Suneil Saraf, Media Group Manager of PHD Media; Scott Davies, VP UK & Ireland of Never.no; Justin Gibbons, the Founder of Work Research; and Dan Dawson, Digital Director of Grand Visual. Moderated by industry commentator Ivan Clark, the discussion covered aspects such as engagement, cost, creativity, metrics and return on investment.

dan-dawson_flex-interactive-dooh-panel

Generating interest & engagement

As Scott Davies explained, the real power of interactivity is its ability to raise interest in a product or brand by motivating the consumer to interact with that brand’s advertisement. A consumer may be unaware or disinterested in a product, but when presented with an engaging interactive experience they frequently have a desire to participate.
Scott drew on his experience in developing the
Be Stupid campaign for Diesel in Denmark which utilised consumer generated content. People were encouraged to take photos of themselves "being stupid" and then post them to a dedicated Facebook page. The content was then delivered in real-time to DOOH sites. Scott suggested that major reasons for people’s willingness to engage with the media was because out-of-home, like television, is usually a closed media channel, and that people “love to see themselves in or on things”. This viewpoint was supported by Dan Dawson who witnessed the same enthusiasm for big-screen interaction from members of the public presented with the GV produced augmented reality-based Angel Ambush campaign for Lynx.

scott-davies_flex-interactive-dooh-panel

Research carried out by Justin Gibbon’s company, Work Research, concluded that once a consumer is engaged in a brand or product through an interactive experience they are more likely to have a positive perception of the brand, and be open to further engagement. As Scott pointed out “it’s a bit of fun for them, but really you’re making the brand stronger”. People will share the experience with their friends, and the campaign may also generate additional earned media through press coverage or social media sharing. As Justin stated, As Justin stated, interactive advertising has a far greater chance of fixing itself in the consumer's memory than other forms of advertising. In addition, in the case of campaigns such as
Be Stupid, the process of interaction facilitates the collection of consumer data, enabling the brand to build up a database of engaged individuals that are likely to be receptive to future marketing.

Return on investment

The issues of return on investment and relative cost are problematic ones for interactive DOOH. Such campaigns are frequently seen as being time-consuming and costly, and accurate assessment of their effectiveness can be difficult to achieve. Suneil Saraf admitted that, unlike TV or the web, there is no standard model for ROI assessment, but argued that with DOOH “you’re really dealing with people’s long term associations with brands”. He suggested that what needs to be measured is what happens after the interaction. “Do they wander into your store? Do they tweet about you?”

suneil-saraf_flex-interactive-dooh-panel

Using the examples of the PHD Media planned Cadbury’s
Spots v Stripes and Creme Egg campaigns he demonstrated that interactive DOOH doesn’t need to be prohibitively expensive and can deliver calculable ROI. The Spots v Stripes launch campaign, which consisted of two interactive games produced by Grand Visual, played out at nine locations at a cost of approximately £100,000. In each location the activity engendered a positive response, particularly amongst the young, with people playing the game, taking photographs, sharing the experience and subsequently accessing the campaign website to register their points. By the conclusion of the launch, the interactive DOOH activity had become the third most recognised piece of media from the campaign. Likewise, the Creme Egg campaign, consisting of a game running on twenty interactive screens at bus shelters around the UK, resulted in one million games being played over two weeks—on average two thousand games a day—and a twenty-five percent uplift in understanding that Creme Eggs are only available for a limited time.

Cost-effectiveness
The cost-effectiveness of interactive DOOH was reinforced by the comments of both Dan Dawson and Scott Davies. Scott referred to a campaign for Skoda that encouraged consumers to interact by text which resulted in 600 text responses, leading to 60 new vehicle sales over a period of two weeks. Dan (and Jeremy Way of Mindshare Invention later in the day) pointed out that beyond the immediate on-site impressions (estimated to be over 100,000), the Angel Ambush campaign produced significant ancillary media coverage, with the video of the event generating over 900,000 views on YouTube, and led to news articles in mainstream and industry publications. When considered in such a context, the per event or per location cost for such an interactive DOOH campaign can be seen as delivering a good ROI.

The panel agreed with Suneil's statement that it can be a heavy investment, but as Scott pointed out, the increasing number of campaigns has led to agencies and production companies to steadily develop technology and systems to make the process quicker and more cost effective, so it is often not as expensive as one might think. The challenge facing those creating and producing interactive DOOH is greater than an issue of cost—it is making those campaigns relevant and engaging to an audience. "It's not a case of taking a TV ad and sticking it up on a screen somewhere, it’s coming up with an original idea and making sure it fits in with the particular channel and environment you’re working into" said Suneil.

Conclusion

The panel agreed that production costs will inevitably come down for many interactive campaigns as processes become more standardised. Additionally, methods for more accurately assessing impact, engagement and ROI are likely to develop in the near future. The consensus was that, although challenges remain, new developments such as NFC-enabled smartphones, mobile augmented reality, and location based technologies mean that the potential of interactive out-of-home media is only just starting to be realised.
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